When should Tdap and TIG be given?

The administration of Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine) and TIG (tetanus immune globulin) is primarily determined by the extent of injury and vaccination history. The correct approach is to provide TIG and Tdap when an individual sustains an injury and has not received the Tdap vaccine in more than ten years. This is essential because individuals are at a higher risk for tetanus approximately ten years after their last booster.

In the case of significant injuries or wounds, especially if they are dirty or contaminated, the immune response can be inadequate without timely vaccination. Thus, if the last Tdap administration was more than ten years ago, it is vital to administer both Tdap to provide active immunity and TIG to give immediate passive immunity against tetanus.

Looking at the context of the other options: the option indicating administration if the individual has not had Tdap in over five years does not adhere to the standard recommendations for tetanus prophylaxis in the event of an injury, as the timeframe for significant injuries is usually ten years. The suggestion for administration only in case of severe wounds does not account for the fact that even less severe wounds can still warrant vaccination if the vaccination interval exceeds ten years.